3.2 Neurons

So, what is a brain made of?

All animal brains contain neurons — elongated cells that connect to one another and exchange information. From each neuron extend thin branches called dendrites, which act like antennas: they receive signals from nearby neurons and bring them toward the cell body.

Neurons also send information outward through the axon — a thicker, longer extension that acts like an output cable, transmitting signals to other cells.

Linked together through synapses, neurons form complex networks along which electrical impulses travel — enabling the brain to process information and coordinate action.